春秋賴國地望新探──以《左傳》為中心之考察

New exploration of the Lai state during the Spring and Autumn period--taking Zuo Zhuan as the center of investigation

本文重點參考《左傳》關涉賴國事宜，輔以傳世文獻與出土資料的判讀，考察賴國地望所在。考察內容主要分成三個部分，分別是「賴」、「厲」之辨；賴國地望二說；賴國地望重探──以《左傳》為中心之考察。本文要點有：1、《春秋》三傳載魯昭公四年滅賴一事有所出入之處，楚靈王所欲滅為賴國還是厲國；2、現存賴國地望兩種說法的辯證討論；3、賴與楚之關係；4、賴國並未被滅於魯昭公四年；5、賴所遷之鄢地地望；6、楚遷許於賴之動機；7、楚罷城賴之師。綜上之要點，本文釐定賴國地望位於今湖北隨州隨縣舊殷家店一帶。

This paper investigated the location of the Lai state by referencing the relative matters of the Lai state from Zuo Zhuan, as well as supplementing by the interpretation from both ancient literature and unearthed data. The investigated contents based on Zuo Zhuan were divided into three parts, which contained the debate between “the Lai state” and “the Li state”, two views on location of the Lai state, as well as re-exploring the Lai’s location. The key points of this paper were as follows: 1) The thing that the Lai state was eliminated in Duke of Luzhao 4-year according to the recording from Three Commentaries on the Spring and Autumn Annals was uncertain, namely whether King Zhuang of Chu did want to destroy the Lai state or Li state. 2) Dialectical discussion for two existing points of views of Lai's location, 3) the relationship between Lai and Chu, 4) the Lai state was not destroyed in Duke of Luzhao 4-year; 5) the location that Lai moved to the Yan state; 6) the motivation of Chu moving the Xu state to Lai; 7) Chu abandoned the fortification in Lai. To sum up, this paper re-explored the location of the Lai state that located near the area of old Yin town in Sui district, Hu Bei provence.