戰爭動亂下的文化資產──臺灣古戰場、特別攻擊隊與眷村相關遺產調查研究

Cultural Heritage Related to Wars: Research on Old Battlefields, Tokubetsu Kōgekitai, Military Dependants' Villages in Taiwan

本文研究的三個主題：臺灣古戰場、特別攻擊隊與眷村相關建築遺跡，都與戰爭動亂有關。臺灣的古戰場將區分為荷西時期、明鄭時期、清領時期、日治時期等四個時期來進行說明。日治時期特別攻擊隊包括神風特攻隊與震洋特攻隊的介紹，與其在臺灣的發展歷史，並且介紹兩者曾使用的建築遺跡。眷村方面，將討論二次世界大戰結束政府轉進臺灣後所設置的眷村發展歷史，並且介紹臺灣部分已保存的眷村。本文主要採用質性研究法中的文獻分析為主，蒐集書籍、相關研究報告與網路資料，部分案例到現場進行觀察。研究成果將呈現臺灣古戰場的戰爭事件與相關建築遺跡、日治時期特別攻擊隊介紹與相關建築遺跡、戰後眷村保存的現況，並且在結論中提出文化資產保存的建議。

The three themes studied in this paper: the ancient battlefields of Taiwan, the Tokubetsu Kōgekitai (Kamikaze or ''Special Attack Units'') and military dependents' villages, are all related to the turmoil war. The ancient battlefields in Taiwan will be divided into four periods: The Dutch and Spanish colonial period, the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, and the Japanese colonial period. During the Japanese occupation, during the Second World War, military units included the introduction of the Kamikaze special attack teams and the Zhenyang special attack team. This paper records their history and development in Taiwan, and introduces the architectural remains used by both. In the case of military dependents' villages, it discusses the history of their development after governance was transferred to Taiwan after the Second World War, and introduces some of the villages in Taiwan that are preserved ton this day. This paper mainly uses a qualitative research method based on literature analysis of collected books, related research reports and internet sources, together with some field research on location. The results present war incidents and related architectural relics of the military landscape of Taiwan, the introduction of special attack teams during the Japanese occupation period and related tangible cultural heritage, and the current situation of preservation in these post-war villages. Finally, suggestions are offered for the continuing preservation of these cultural assets.