廟宇彩繪層保護用聚胺基甲酸酯塗料之研發及實地耐煙燻性質

Development of Polyurethane Protective Coatings for Temple Enamel Layers and its Field Soot Resistant Properties

本研究以多元醇與異氰酸酯，並依不同NCO/OH莫耳比（R值），添加改質劑及添加劑調配成不同PU樹脂系塗料(polyurethane,PU)，並評估其疏水及疏油性能。所篩選出最佳的塗料配方為多元醇[聚碳酸酯(PC)：間苯二甲酸聚酯（IPA）：三羥甲基丙烷（TMP）=20：20：60]與異氰酸酯[異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯（IPDI）：六亞甲基二異氰酸酯三聚體（HDI）=30：70)]依R1.3混合，並分別添加3%聚二甲基矽氧烷（PDMS）（配方P3）及3%CATAL-10（配方C3）獲得疏水、疏油性最佳。又由塗膜性質試驗知，P3及C3塗料在硬度、玻璃轉移點（Tg）、疏水及疏油性皆較市售1-3種塗料、LA81及B72性質為佳。實地煙燻老化試驗結果顯示，煙燻汙染物擦拭前後顏色變化以P3及C3具有最低的色差，及最高的光澤保留率，經擦拭後的表面幾乎無髒汙的殘留，顯示P3及C3有優異的清潔能力，而市售塗料擦拭後的表面皆有明顯的髒污殘留，其中LA81具有最大的色差及最差的光澤保留率，其黃色煙燻汙染物殘留嚴重，不適合用於會煙燻破壞的場所。綜合以上試驗結果得知，P3及C3的各項性質較市售塗料及傳統文物維護塗料佳，符合做為用於廟宇彩繪層的保護塗料之要求。

In this study, the polyurethane resin coatings (PU) used were made from polyols and isocyanates with different NCO / OH molar ratios (R value) then had modifiers and additives added, to evaluated their hydrophobicity and oleophobicity. The coating formulas that had best hydrophobicity and oleophobicity were polyols [Polycarbonyl(PC):Polyisophthalic polyester(IPA): Trimethylolpropane(TMP) = 20: 20: 60]mixed with isocyanate [Isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI):Hexamethylene diisocyanate Trimer(HDI) = 30:70] in R1.3, adding modifiers for 3% Dihydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) (formula P3) and 3% CATAL-10 (formula C3) respectively. The properties of P3 and C3 coating were better than those of commercial coatings 1-3, LA81, and B72 in hardness, glass transition temperature (Tg), hydrophobicity and oleophobicity. The field soot aging test results showed that the P3 and C3 coatings had the lowest color difference and the highest gloss retention, and demonstarted excellent cleaning ease for residues of soot contaminants after wiping. However, after wiping the surface of the commercial coatings, there was still residual soot contaminations. The LA81 coating had largest color difference and the poorest gloss retention, containing a visible residual of yellow from soot contaminants. According to the above test results, the properties of P3 and C3 were better than those of commercial coatings and the coatings for traditional cultural relics,conforming with requirements of protective coatings of paintings in temples.