文化、歷史與多元：關於國軍眷村保存的一些觀察與思考

Culture, History and Diversity: Some Thoughts on the Preservation of MilitaryDependents' Village

眷村是戰亂歷史的時代產物，國軍眷村保存則是一項重要的文化資產工作，除了見證1949年前後大陸來臺軍民的生命經驗，也具有重要的政治社會意義。歷經近二十年的努力，眷村保存的推動獲得了階段性成果，也面臨了一些瓶頸與挑戰。本文嘗試以國軍老舊眷村文化保存審議會選定之眷村文化保存計畫（園區）以及各縣市相關工作的規畫與推動為討論對象，嘗試從文化、歷史、多元等面向提出一些觀察與想法，反思眷村保存的現況與挑戰：第一，眷村文化並不容易在世代之間延續，關鍵之一在於如何理解眷村文化的歷史性與特殊性；第二，在目前以日遺房舍為主的眷村文化園區之中，如何保存呈現國軍來臺的生命經驗與眷村文化？第三，如何呈現眷村組成的差異性與多樣性。具體言之，我們希望眷村保存不只是以懷舊陳列、日遺房舍、中高階軍官為主，而是能夠鼓勵文化轉化與創新、以來臺國軍生活為主軸、呈現眷村社經組成的多樣面貌，如此才能讓眷村成為數十萬眷戶的認同歸屬，也是臺灣社會多元文化的一塊重要拼圖。

Military-dependents' villages, or Chuan-Tsun, are a legacy of Taiwan's war-time history. The preservation of Chuan-Tsun sites is an important aspect of cultural heritage preservation in Taiwan, and not only recognizes the war-time hardships of the 1949 immigrants but also carries political significance of identity construction and social reconciliation. After almost twenty years of advocacy and preparation, the preservation of Chuan-Tsun has achieved some impressive results and now faces new challenges. Firstly, due to the nature of historic idiosyncrasy, it is not easy to reproduce ChuanTsun culture for the generations to come. Secondly, there is poor chance to represent the hardships and life experiences of Chuan-Tsun in the would-be culture parks, a majority of which feature Japanese-style architecture and military-industrial facilities. Thirdly, the socio-economic composition of Chuan-Tsun residents is ill-represented. In a word, it is disappointing to leave the preservation of Chuan-Tsun with the impression of nostalgia, Japanese-style architectures and high-ranking officers. Instead, it is expected future plans can encourage cultural innovation, a focus on the hardships and life experiences of Chuan-Tsun residents, and a well-balanced representation of the diverse socioeconomic composition of the residents. Hopefully, the preservation of Chuan-Tsun sites can provide the residents with a sense of security and belonging, and help to secure the future of multiculturalism in Taiwan.