聆聽音樂對住院老人憂鬱及生理指標之成效

The Effects of Listening to Music on Depression and Physiological Parameters of Hospitalized Elderly Patient

老人因老化造成身體功能下降及罹患慢性病，容易因疾病住院，造成生理指標變化及憂鬱狀態。本研究探討住院老人聆聽音樂對憂鬱狀態及生理指標之效果，採類實驗研究設計，收案場所為中部某醫學中心。住院後第一天至第二天收集基本資料、憂鬱量表簡短版（GDS－15）及生理指標（心跳、呼吸及血壓）。實驗組（n＝36）於第三天至第七天聆聽音樂30分鐘收集心跳、呼吸及血壓資料，第七天再收集聽音樂後憂鬱量表簡短版資料；對照組（n＝33）不提供音樂，採取舒適姿勢30分鐘，所收集之資料同實驗組。結果顯示聆聽音樂改善住院老人的憂鬱狀態（t＝2.457，p＝.017），且實驗組心跳、呼吸及血壓均低於對照組。因此，聆聽音樂可減輕老人憂鬱狀態及穩定生理指標，建議臨床護理人員可協助住院老人聆聽音樂，促進住院期間之安適狀態。

Elderly people are often admitted to hospital because of age-related functional impairments and the effects of chronic diseases. Being admitted to hospital typically alters physiological parameters and causes depressive symptoms. This study determined the effects of listening to music on depression and physiological parameters in hospitalized elderly patients. A quasiexperimental research design was used to recruit elderly patients at a medical center. Demographic data, geriatric depression scale-15 (GDS-15), and physiological parameter data (heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure) were collected during Days 1 and 2 in both groups. In the experimental group (n=36), the participants listened to music for 30 minutes once a day during Days 3 to 7. Physiological parameters were assessed immediately after music intervention. GDS-15 was measured on Day 7. Music was not provided to the control group (n=33). The fi ndings indicate that listening to music reduced depression in hospitalized elderly people (t=2.457，p=.017). Patients in the experimental group exhibited a lower heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure than the control group. Listening to music might reduce depression and smooth the heart rate and blood pressure in elderly patients. Health care providers should consider providing music to hospitalized elderly patients to promote patient well-being.