熟能生巧－－情境模擬在護理教育的應用

Practice Makes Perfect: Simulation in Nursing Education

目前我國護理教育正面臨許多挑戰，如課程僵化、畢業生能力無法符合業界期望等，如何改善教學策略以提升護理教育品質是刻不容緩的議題。在以「學生為中心」的教育模式下，教育者的挑戰是要依據學習者的特質及需要，改變教學策略。許多研究指出，情境模擬教學創造一個更＂真實互動＂的學習環境，讓學生在安全環境下，透過參與照護活動，由老師帶領回饋與反思，並且可以反覆學習照護相關的知識、技術、溝通及批判性思考等能力，不僅能讓學生加深學習經驗，增進自信心，促進溝通和團隊合作能力，同時藉由照護活動中檢視安全措施，避免在臨床工作時發生疏失。本文的目的是期望藉由國內外的文獻回顧，討論情境模擬教學在護理教育上應用的現況、執行上的成效、面臨的困境，分享筆者在教學運用的經驗，作為國內護理教育及研究之參考，並提出護理教育的省思與未來展望。

Nurse educators in Taiwan are encountering challenges in preparing students for work in actual medical settings. Moreover, students are frustrated that they cannot meet the expectations required for their professional role. Therefore, modifying current teaching strategies for enhancing the quality of nursing education has become an urgent concern. Based on the student-centered education model, the challenges that educators encounter typically involve modifying teaching strategies according to the needs and characteristics of learners. Studies have shown that simulations create a realistic and interactive learning atmosphere that facilitates student learning in safe and controlled environment. By actively participating in simulation activities, which culminate with a debriefi ng, students can repeatedly practice their nursing, communication, and critical thinking skills with the guidance of a facilitator. Based on the adage Practice makes perfect, implementing a simulation could facilitate the application of nursing skills learned from academic sites to clinical sites by enhancing student selfconfi dence. This paper proposes simulation as a preferred method of teaching and learning that must be integrated in nursing curricula.