跌倒危險因子評估量表對於預測住院病人跌倒相關性研究

The Association of Fall Risk Factor Assessment Scale for Predicting Fall of Patients

目標：本研究欲評估跌倒危險因子評估量表對於預測住院病人跌倒風險的相關性。方法：採回溯性研究，研究對象收集某醫學中心於2015年1月1日至12月31日期間入住的14634病人及通報至院內病人安全通報系統的跌倒案例123人，透過連結資料庫以獲取與跌倒之關聯紀錄。在本研究中，住院跌倒被定義為住院病人因個人或病房環境因素而跌落地面或其他平面，排除因他力所導致狀況，並利用Cox比例風險模式（cox regression model）找出跌倒的危險因子。結果：研究發現過去一年內曾經有跌倒經驗者、視力障礙、活動障礙、肢體偏癱者、服用影響意識或活動之藥物及住院中無家人或服務員陪伴者，皆為預測住院病人跌倒的相關因子。藉由多變項分析來排除不具顯著意義的變項，發現精簡為3題的量表其預測結果與原本並無太大差異。結論：跌倒與過去一年有跌倒病史、活動障礙、肢體偏癱及服用影響意識或活動之藥物呈現顯著相關，建議更新與簡化評估流程，並提供臨床實務人員在制定評估量表重要參考依據。

Objective: This study to assess the association of the fall risk factor assessment scale in predicting the risk of falls in hospitalized patients. Method: A retrospective study was conducted. The research subjects collected 14634 patients who were admitted to a medical center from January 1 to December 31, 2015, and the 123 patients of falls reported to Taiwan Patient-safety Reporting system (TPR) in the hospital. This study were obtained and fell related records through to the link database. Result: A total of 14,634 subjects were collected in the study. The study found that people who had fallen experience, visual impairment, activity disorders, limb hemiplegia, medications that affected consciousness or activity, and no family or waiters companion in hospital during the past year were all predict factors associated with falls in hospitalized patients. By using multivariate analysis to exclude variables that are not significant, it is found that the scale of the scale reduced to 3 questions is not much different with the original. Conclusion: The fall is significantly association to the history of falls, activity disorders and limb hemiplegia and the use medications that affected consciousness or activity. It is recommended to update and simplify the evaluation process and provide an important reference for clinical practice personnel to develop assessment scales.