臨床護理人員面對死亡事件的心理反應與處理方式之探討

A Study of Psychological Response and Management of the Clinical Nurses Dealing with Death

本質性研究目的在探討護理人員面對死亡的心理衝擊與因應方式。採立意取樣選取北區某醫學中心護理人員共十五位為對象，以半結構式訪談指引進行深度訪談收集資料，藉由詮釋學理念分析資料。結果顯示護理人員面對死亡當下，各種情緒與感受是同時並存的，在態度上能以平常心看待；其心理衝擊來自個人感受、死亡觀點的差異及對死亡禁忌的迷思。而護理人員在照顧過程中面對死亡省思的態度是自我調適重要的素養，另外，透過同儕即時的輔導與諮商、宗教及其象徵物可化解內心衝擊；學習生命教育則能釐清影響個人面對死亡時心理衝擊的因素，進而以健康的態度面對死亡，改變對臨終的照顧行為，此結果可供醫院規劃護理人員在職教育訓練之參考。

The purpose of this study was to discuss clinical nurses'psychological responses and coping strategieswhen facing death. 15 clinical nurses were selected in a medical center of northern Taiwan as objects,Datawas collected using semi-structured interviewand direct deep interviews. Itwas analyzed using hermeneuticsideas. The results showed that all kinds of emotions are concurrent; and can be treated with a common heart.The psychological response comes fromindividual feelings, different viewpoints andmisunderstanding of taboosabout death.Coping ameditative attitude is important in attainment of self-adjustment.Colleague's timelyguidance and consultation, religious beliefs and emblems can also help reduce negative psychological responses.So can life education know psychological response factors, then learn to have a healthy attitude and changenursing behaviors. These results can surely provide a reference for training.