實施護理人員「跌倒防範教育」對跌倒事件知識、態度及行為之探討

The Effects of 'Fall Prevention Education' on Nurses KAP'S Change

病人跌倒事件是一項重要的醫療品質指標，跌倒導致的傷害常會延長病人住院天數及增加醫療費用，甚而引起醫療糾紛。護理人員須教育病人如何預防跌倒，但護理人員是否接受防範跌倒教育，其對跌倒事件的瞭解有多少？鮮少被探討。本研究之目的在探討介入「跌倒防範教育」前後護理人員對跌倒事件知識、態度及行為之影響。以參加台灣醫療品質指標計畫(TQIP)之醫學中心及區域醫院各三家，每院取四至八個病房，從中隨機配對為實驗組病房護理人員341位，對照組345位。研究工具為自擬之護理人員對跌倒事件知識、態度及行為量表，採專家效度及信度測試內在一致性Cronbach’s alpha(0.92)。在教育前後及教育後兩週分別進行問卷調查。結果顯示兩組護理人員僅有42.42%曾接受相關預防跌倒教育課程，實驗組在實施介入教育後跌倒知識的答對率由87%提升至96.35%；對照組答對率維持在86.97%；實驗組教育後兩週知識六項、態度三項及行為五項均有顯著提升。針對研究結果，提出相關建議，提供護理人員繼續教育及防範跌倒之照護指引的參考。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a teaching program on fall prevention would lead toknowledge, attitude and behavioral changes among the nurses. Three medical centers plus three communityhospitals who were members of the Taiwan Quality Indicator Project (TQIP) were enrolled. Four to eightwards were chosen from each hospital and nurses from these wards were randomly matched into experimental(N=341) and control (N=345) group. Nurses were asked to complete the same questionnaires right before,right after and two weeks after the course. The results showed that totally 42.42% nurses had attended thecourse before. The correct answers rose from 87% before to 96.35% after the course in the experimentalgroup, while the control group had a similar rate (86.97%) of correct answers. Significant improvements werenoticed in 6 knowledge-related, 3 attitude-related and 5 behavior-related items of the experimental group.Findings suggest that fall prevention should be included as a part of continuing nurse education and clinicalnursing guidelines.