臺灣農會發展史

The Evolution History of Taiwan Farmers' Associations

本文謹探討日本據臺後，將臺灣定位為糧食生產與原料供應基地，西元（以下同）1900年起，陸續設立農會，乃當前縣市農會的前身，1913年起，扶植設立產業組合，成為當今鄉鎮農會的起點。二次大戰末期，臺灣總督府因應戰爭需要，實施經濟統制，強制合併農會與產業組合，建立市街庄、州廳、全島三級制農業會，形成目前多目標多功能的三級制農會系統組織。日本無條件投降後，臺灣農業會依照中國相關法規，經歷改組、改造、引進美式推廣教育、新農會法公布施行與廢除股金、金融風暴、信用部改革、全國農會成立等，演變成為當前臺灣農會。最後，期待臺灣農會回歸合作組織本質，以滿足會員需求為依歸，力行事業與組織改革，回應會員及全體國民的期待。

This article explores the evolution of Taiwan farmers' association after the the period of Japanese rule. Japanese positioned Taiwan as a food production and raw material supply base, therefore many farmers' associations, the predecessor of County farmers' associations today, were stablished since 1900, and industrial cooperatives were established with the help from the government since 1913, which became the current village-wide farmers' associations. At the end of World War II, Taiwan Sotokufu enforced the economy control, and merged farmers' associations and industrial cooperatives into village-wide, county-wide and the island-wide agricultural associations. This three-tier system formed the foundation of the multipurpose, multi-functional farmers' association system of Taiwan today. After the Japan's unconditional surrender, the Taiwan agricultural associations, in according with the Chinese related regulations, went through various difficult phases, including organizational reform, the introduction of American-style extention education, the promulgation of the new farmers' associations law and abolishing capital stock, financial turmoil, the reformation of credit department, and the establishment of the National Farmers' Association, et al., Taiwan farmers' associations have consequently evolved to the current diversifying status. Finally, we expect that Taiwan farmers' associations should return to be a cooperative system to meet the needs of members and the organizational reformation satisfactory to the members and all citizens' anticipations.