護理人員的造口護理知識與態度之調查研究

A Study of Knowledge and Attitudes toward Ostomy Care among Nurses

本研究之目的旨在瞭解護理人員之造口護理知識與態度及其影響因素。採結構式問卷調查法，以中部某醫學中心之護理人員為母群體，以隨機抽樣抽出250位臨床護理人員為研究對象進行調查，回收248份有效問卷。統計方法使用SPSS10.0 for Windows進行分析。研究結果發現：228位(94.2%)護理人員曾照顧造口患者，僅2.5%護理人員參加造口護理課程時數大於小時；而護理人員對造口護理之總知識得分率為48.07%。其分項知識以「造口病患的飲食與營養」得分率最高(59.33%)，造口問題及其護理平均得分率最低(得分率=30.75%)。總知識會因年齡、教育程度、臨床護理年資、工作科別之不同而有顯著差異(p<.05)。護理人員對造口護理之整體態度、認知與感受方面均趨向正向，行為看法上趨向負向。整體態度會因是否參加造口相關研習會、提供病人造口護理頻率、提供造口護理是否滿足病人需求等因素有顯著差異(p<.05)。護理人員對造口護理知識與態度之間有正相關(p<.05)。本研究結果將作為改進本院臨床護理人員造口護理在職教育及實務執行時的參考，以提昇造口病患的照顧品質。

The purposes of this study were to investigate knowledge and attitudes toward ostomy care, the factors related thereto and the relationship between knowledge and attitudes among nurses. Two hundred and fifty nurses working in a medical center in central Taiwan were selected by random sampling. Two hundred and forty-eight questionnaires formed the basis of data analysis. The major findings of this study were: Two hundred and twenty-eight nurses (94.2%) had experience of ostomy care, but only 2.5% of nurses had taken courses totaling more than eight hours in ostomy care. The average score for knowledge of ostomy care was 48.07 on a 100- point scale, which was significantly influenced by age, educational levels, clinical nursing working years, and working units(p<.05). Diet and nutrition ranked the highest(59.33%), while management of ostomy problems ranked the lowest (30.75%) as far as knowledge of ostomy care was concerned. Attitudes toward ostomy care tended to be positive overall. There were significant differences in attitudes toward ostomy care depending on whether they had ever attended ostomy care seminars, frequency of ostomy care and whether they had met the needs of ostomy patients. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes (p<.05). The results of this study may be used as a reference for clinical teaching and in-service education for nurses, and can be expected to improve the quality of ostomy care in the long run.