感染性廢棄物正確分類及減量方案

A Project of Promoting Correct Segregation and Minimizing of Infectious Waste

隨著醫療科技的進步與丟棄式器材使用量的增加，醫院廢棄物的量逐年增加，處理的成本也非常高，感染廢棄物正確分類與減量已成為歐美國家醫院管理的重點工作。本方案的目的希望提昇加護病房護理人員正確分類感染性廢棄物，進而降低感染性廢棄物之重量。方案內容主要針對醫院政策、病房護理人員、病房環境與設備等影響因素設計介入措施，執行期為民國九十年五至六月，評值期為民國九十年七月至十二月。本專案介入措施的確有效提高廢棄物分類的正確性，查核90人次皆正確分類，垃圾桶查核正確率為92%。感染性廢棄物重量由四月份與五月份的4249與2778公斤，降至六月份1272公斤，九月份開始每月皆低於標竿值（840公斤），實施方案後總共節省感染性廢棄物處理經費約696,390元。本專案執行過程中發現幾個影響專案是否成功的相關因素：院方管理部門要有意願推動此措施、護理人員對感染性廢棄物的認定、查核應該例行化與外部化、實習與住院醫師或呼吸治療師的配合也非常重要。

Since the increasing usage of highly developed medical devices and disposable products which resulted in the increase of medical waste and the disposal cost, correct segregation and minimization of infectious waste have been proposed as the first priority in the disposing of medical waste. The purpose of this project was to promote the correct segregation and minimization of infectious waste among nurses in an intensive care unit. The project was launched from May 1st to June 30th, 2001 and was evaluated from July 1st to December 31st, 2001. The correct segregation rate reached 100% among 90 nurses and 92% among audited trash cans. The weights of infectious waste decreased from 4249 and 2778 kg in April and May to 1272 kg in June. The weight of infectious waste has falling bellow the target weight (840 kg) since September. The estimated cost of disposing infectious waste saved was NT$ 696,390. The factors associated with the successful implementation of the project included the will of the managers of the hospital, the cognition of infectious waste among nurses, routinization and externalization of the auditing, and the cooperation of other staffs, like interns or respiratory therapists.