因應氣候變遷之都市街區規劃設計策略與永續「共效益」──建物重建階段

Climate Change-oriented Street Level Urban Planning and Design Approaches and Sustainable Development ＂Co-benefits＂ -Buildings Rebuilt Phase

都市計畫區的減緩與調適實施方式，如何由公園等開放空間擴展至街區空間，由高位階的規劃政策原則，進展至更明確的操作性空間規劃設計，國內外仍多處於發展階段。本研究的主要目的為綜析國內外街區的相關空間規劃方法與永續「共效益」，主要研究方法為文獻回顧，研究時空以當前台灣都市面臨建物重建階段，所產生再造機會的街區空間為範疇。研究成果顯示退縮空間、人行空間與建物重建後釋出的路邊停車空間，三者組合成的「街區開放空間」是重要的跨都市計畫與交通部門的規劃單元。政策建議包括：以不同街區條件所產生的減緩調適模組為目標導向，搭配利用地面退縮、建蔽率規劃以提供充足的街區開放空間、「灰色基底」轉「綠基底」的落實、建物立體退縮以增加可及性高的中低樓層屋頂、與多功能屋頂的永續規劃。

Integrating strategies of mitigation and adaptation into urban planning, particularly expanding from planning for individual parks to ＂street-level＂ open spaces, is essential for responding to climate change impacts. However, both domestic and foreign literature show limited research and practices. The aim of this study is to analyze spatial planning tools for mitigation and adaptation and how they generate ＂co-benefits＂. The primary research method is literature review. The current needs for building reconstruction and urban renewal may provide the opportunity of reshaping urban space in Taiwan. The research results indicate that street-level open spaces comprising of building setbacks, pedestrian spaces and roadside parking spaces released by building reconstruction are essential to cross-sector policies between planning and transportation departments. Relevant planning tools include proposing customized policies to create sufficient street-level open spaces with corresponding setbacks and coverage ratio regulations; replacing ＂grey-based＂ planning with ＂green-based＂ planning, employing mid-building setbacks regulations, and promoting multi-functional and sustainable roofs.