魏晉南北朝園林理論探析

An Analysis of Garden Theory in Wei-Jin-Southern and Northern Dynasties

本文為建構中國園林理論史的第二篇著作，此前已發表〈先秦兩漢園林理論初探〉一文，依順時代繼續往下建構。除了園林功能論、興造論與鑑賞論之外，此時期最重要的進展是園林本體論的出現。「園林」一詞最早可能出現於三國魏朝嵇康的詩中，陶淵明詩使用三次之後，在南北朝分別出現過幾次，才逐漸在唐代普遍地被用以指稱縮擬自然山林的藝術化居遊空間。當時已視園林為人為創作出來的仿似自然山林的居遊空間，是與自然對立的人文空間，但同時注意到「有若自然」的山林效果。全文分由本體論、功能論、興造論與鑑賞論四個部分提拈、梳理並建構出魏晉南北朝時期的園林理論，是完成中國園林理論史拼圖的重要一步。

This article is the second work on the construction of the history of Chinese garden theory. The article “A Preliminary Study on the Garden Theory in the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties” has been published before, and continues to be constructed according to the era. In addition to the theory of garden function, construction and appreciation, the most important development in this period is the emergence of garden ontology. The term “garden” may first appear in the poems of Ji Kang in the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms. After Tao Yuanming's poems were used three times and appeared several times in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was gradually used in the Tang Dynasty to refer to the artistic reduction of natural mountains and forests. Living space. At that time, gardens were considered to be man-made living spaces that resemble natural mountains and forests. They were humanistic spaces opposed to nature, but at the same time they noticed the “like nature” effect of mountains and forests. The full text is divided into four parts: ontology, function theory, construction theory and appreciative theory. It summarizes, combs and constructs the garden theory of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, which is an important step in completing the puzzle of Chinese garden theory history.