樂齡學習者憂鬱傾向調查之研究

A Survey on Depression Tendency of Elderly Learners in the Senior Citizens Learning Center

健康的老化並非只侷限於生理層面的健康狀況，重視老年人的心理衛生需求是增進老年健康與幸福安適的關鍵，據此，本研究目的在於了解樂齡學習者的憂鬱傾向，以及不同個人特質間的差異情形，並分析參與樂齡學習投入程度對於個人憂鬱傾向的影響。本研究採問卷調查，實施期間為2019年5月至7月，共3個月，每個月進行1次憂鬱傾向評估量之調查；本研究對象共114位，男性22位，女性92位，平均年齡為67.48歲，均完成3個月的追蹤調查。本研究結果顯示：（1）多數樂齡學習者均維持良好的心理健康狀況；（2）樂齡學習者較未表達出其生活中的正向情緒感受；（3）睡眠品質不佳是多數樂齡學習者所面臨的重要問題，而參與樂齡學習活動是助於舒緩此一問題的有效策略；（4）性別與年齡並不會造成憂鬱傾向的差異；（5）健康與經濟狀況越差的高齡者，越有面臨憂鬱的風險。據此，本研究認為未來樂齡學習中心應加強「健康保健」與「經濟安全」等課程主題的開設；並透過意圖性活動的介入，提升樂齡學習者的正向情緒；最後，樂齡中心講師與經營團隊成員應注意中心內健康與經濟狀況較不佳之學員的情緒變化。

Healthy aging does not only focus on the health of the physiological level. Paying attention to the mental health of the elderly is the key to improving the health and well-being of the elderly. The purpose of this study is to understand the depression tendency of elderly learners in the senior citizens learning center, the differences between different personal traits, and to analyze the benefits of participation in senior citizens learning program on personal depression. The implementation period is from May to July 2019, a total of 3 months, and a survey of the degree of depression tendency is conducted once a month. There are 114 subjects in this study, 22 males and 22 females. 92 people, with an average age of 67.48 years, completed a three-month follow-up survey. The results of this study show that: (1) most elderly learners maintain good mental health; (2) elderly learners do not express positive emotions in their lives; (3) sleep disorders affect most seniors. (4) gender and age do not cause differences in depression; (5) Older people with poor health and financial status are at greater risk of depression. Accordingly, this study suggests that senior Learning Centre should continue to provide courses on ＂health care＂ and ＂economic security＂, and enhance the positive emotions of elderly learners through the involvement of intentional activities. In addition, the lecturers and management team members of Senior Citizens Learning Center should pay attention to the emotional changes of the elders with poor health and economic conditions.