債權轉讓中的受讓人地位保障：民法典規則的體系整合

The Protection of Assignee's Status in the Assignment of Claims: The System integration of the Rules in the Civil Code

民法典中債權受讓人的地位保障規則涉及多個層面。受讓人取得債權的時點是債權轉讓合同生效時，其同時取得了廣義上的從權利，對擔保權的取得無需其他公示，並依據受讓人是否具有解除利益判斷其是否取得解除權。受讓人和讓與人的關係中，受讓人對讓與人享有輔助請求權；讓與人對受讓人負有的瑕疵擔保責任不包括承諾債務人的履行能力；讓與人未經受讓人同意作出的導致轉讓債權價值減損的行為，對受讓人不發生效力，但存在合理的例外。在受讓人和其他第三人的關係中，應根據功能性擔保的統一觀念，首先按照登記先後以及登記與扣押、受理破產案件的時間先後，確定債權利益的最終歸屬順位，該順位利益也應合理延伸到因債務人履行形成的收益上。

in the civil code, the rules of protecting the status of the assignee of creditor's rights involve many aspects. in principle, when the contract of assignment of creditor's rights comes into effect, the assignee obtains the creditor's rights. The scope of acquired rights also includes the subordinate rights in a broad sense. The acquisition of the security right does not need other publicity. When judging whether the assignee has the right of rescission, it is necessary to consider whether the assignee has the interest of rescission. in the relationship between the assignee and the assignor, the assignee has the auxiliary claim right to the assignor; the liability for warranty of the assignor to the assignee does not include the commitment of the debtor's ability to perform; the assignor's behavior that causes the value of the creditor's rights to be lost or impaired without the consent of the assignee has no effect on the assignee, with reasonable exceptions. in the relationship between the assignee and other third parties, the ultimate order of the creditor's right interest should be determined according to the registration sequence and the time sequence of registration, distrain and acceptance of bankruptcy cases. The sequential interest should also be reasonably extended to the proceeds from the debtor's performing.