中華民國在越戰結束前的撤僑行動與僑民安置(1975年)

The Evacuation and Resettlement of Overseas Chinese by the Republic of China Before the End of the Vietnam War (1975)

撤僑，國家保護在外國國民的緊急措施之一，固然可使僑民免於遭受威脅，對於撤回本國僑民的安置同樣重要。中華民國政府在1975年越戰結束前的撤僑行動，雖然缺乏確切的華僑資料及妥善的撤僑方案，但對於撤退來臺的僑民安置，則因相關單位的通力合作，有著完善的規劃並獲致積極的落實。除了來臺初期的食宿、醫療等基本照護，進一步透過協助就學、就業，讓僑民能安居樂業，儘速融入臺灣社會。本文藉由相關文獻及檔案的爬梳，呈現當年中華民國政府撤僑過程的缺失及僑民安置的成果。

Evacuation, one of the urgent measures for a country to protect overseas nationals, may keep them away from threats. The resettlement of those nationals who used to living abroad, however, is no less important than evacuation. The evacuation of nationals in Vietnam before the end of the Vietnam War in 1975 shows lack of accurate information and appropriate strategies, on the controversy, the delicate planning and efficient reinforcement of the resettlement plan was made possible by cooperation between all the related agencies of the Republic of China. Apart from the basic needs like food, accommodation, health care and so on, the plan broadened its range to helping overseas Chinese who were evacuated from Vietnam go to school or find a job, which allowed them getting used to living in Taiwan as soon as possible. This article presents some facts of the above mentioned issues by digging into documents and archives on this topic.