海勤畢業生職業搜尋行為之實證研究

An Empirical Study on Maritime Graduated Students' Job Search Behaviors

本文分析影響海勤畢業生從事漁業勞動與職業搜尋之決定因素。針對國內五所海事水產職校、二所海事專科院校及一所海洋大學之輪機科與漁業科學系學生進行就業選擇調查，並利用巢式羅吉特模型對資料進行分析，以建立一套較為完整的海勤畢業學生職業搜尋行為之實證資料。實證結果發現，在職搜尋與在職不搜尋之間具有替代性。在「在職搜尋」模型中，實證結果顯示海勤畢業生較傾向於「在職搜尋」；而在「失業搜尋與「在職搜尋」的聯合估計模型結果顯示：男性、漁家子弟、工作偏好政府機構（與漁業相關）、期望學用配合度越高、及期望工資較高者較傾向於採取「失業搜尋策略。最後，就本文引申之相關漁業勞動政策提出幾點建議，作為提昇海事教育與輔導畢業生就業，及相關業者與政府改善國內漁船勞動條件之參考。

This study applies the job search theory to analyze the determination of maritime graduated students' job search behaviors. We surveyed students graduated from eight maritime institutions. Nested-logit model are used to estimate our survey data. The empirical results of on-the-job search imply that these students tend to not search when employed. While, job search outcomes for the employed and unemployed joint model imply that students who take longer duration to find job, and who have been more job switch are tend to search when employed. In addition, students who are male and from fishery family, public servant or fisheries related position preferred, and who expecting career match and higher payment are tend to adopt the strategy of unemployed search. Based on the above observations, we suggest current fishery labor conditions and policies should be improved to provide solid reference. This can help the government and related industries in recruiting maritime graduated students.