後冷戰時期中共與伊朗的經貿及科技關係

Economic, Trade and Technological Relations between China and Iran in the Post Cold War Era

兩伊戰爭結束後，伊朗的經濟百廢待舉，卻面臨外交孤立與經濟凋弊的困境下，基於國家利益的考量，選擇求助於關係友好的中共。加上，冷戰時期中伊已建立良好的政治與軍事合作基礎，更有助於中伊在後冷戰時期的經貿與科技合作。由於伊朗國內法規逐漸鬆綁，中伊商品結構具有互補性，加上中伊雙方極力促成制度建立，都讓中伊經貿合作水到渠成。就中伊雙邊貿易、勞務合同與承包工程合同、投資關係而言，中共與伊朗的關係呈現成長的趨勢。此外，中伊雙方的合作範圍與項目日益擴大，範圍遍及能源開發、鐵路交通、高速公路、造船、水電工程、冶金等諸多領域。再者，中共不僅協助伊朗的經濟基礎建設，也提供伊朗最新的經濟技術，同時更在經濟合作項目上提供多次貸款，解決伊朗欠缺資金的難題，這 與西方國家僅為獲取商業利益有所不同，也是奠定伊朗與中共長期經貿合作的主因。然而，中伊雙方經貿合作仍存有若干問題，包括中國的商品大量傾 銷、打擊伊朗本土市場、雙方貿易赤字等問題。展望未來，中伊經貿關係充 滿機會與挑戰

Following the end of Iran and Iraq War, Iran's economy was in the process of recovery. However in the face of diplomatic isolation and economic plight. Iran decided to seek China's assistance on the ground of national interest. Furthermore the close cooperation between China and Iran in Cold War era also help the economic cooperation between the two countries. Besides, due to Iran's relaxing of economic environment, the complementary nature of China and Iran's commodities, and the institutionalization of bilateral economic relations, all of which also contribute to their economic cooperation. In terms of bilateral trade amount, labor and engineering contract, investment, China and Iran's economic relations register an upturn trend. In addition the range of cooperation between China and Iran has grown larger, with areas covering energy development, rail transportation, highway, hydraulic engineering, metallurgy. Moreover China not only assistant Iran with economic infrastructure but also provide Iran with a number of financial loans, thereby solving Iran's problem with cash. China's different approach is different from West's profit-driven approach, paving the way for long range economic cooperation. However there are still some problems between China and Iran's economic cooperation, including China's commodities dumping sale, undermining Iran's local market, and trade deficits between the two countries. It is envisioned that the trade and economic relations between China and Iran faces the chances and challenges in the future.