氣候安全：中國的思維與策略

Climate Security：China's Thinking and Strategies

自從18世紀末工業革命以來，人類活動產生旲量溫室氣體排放到大氣層，導致全球暖化現象，鑑於全球氣候變遷影響深遠以及可能導致無可挽回的後果，已使這個問題成為最具挑戰性的全球議題之一。近年來，對於氣候變遷的安全性影響政策性討論愈來愈多，美國和歐洲國家已普遍接受氣候變遷與國家安全具有密切的關係，但中國卻不願意接受此一趨勢。雖然中國大陸內部有許多支持氣候安全的聲浪，但中國政府迄今未接受此一立場。然而，隨著中國的經濟崛起，氣候變遷對它的經濟發展已造成打惠，包括水資源和糧食危機，而因氣候形態的改變，中國與鄰國的關係也因氣候變遷受到影響。中國也感受到這些問題，因此採取了許多相應的國內及國際措施，以緩和氣候變遷的衝擊，但仍有許多困難橫亙在中國面前亟待解決。

Since the end of the industrial revolution in the end of the 18th century, human activity has caused the density of greenhouse gases in the stratosphere to increase and bring about the effect of global climate warming.Due to its comprehensive and potentially uncorrectable effects, climate change is considered to one of the most challenging global issues human beings facing today. In recent years there has been an increasing focus on security in policy disussions of climate change. In the US and Europe it has become the accepted wisdom that climate change and national security are linked. One major exception to this trend has been China. While there are advocates in China who argue that climate change is a national security problem, the Chinese government has not adopted this position. However, for an economically resurgent China, Climatic change has spelled disaster in terms of economic development （which includes water and food crisis, as well as changing weather patterns）and its diplomatic relations with neighbors. It seems that China is consciously aware of the problem, and is taking serious steps both domestically and internationally to mitigate the impact of climate change. But, there are still many difficulties ahead which it must not overlook.