博物館新契機？高雄市立歷史博物館行政法人化芻議

New Opportunity? An Exploratory Research for the First Administrative Institution Museum of Local Government in Taiwan

2002年行政院組織改造推動委員會將「去任務化」、「委外化」、「地方化」以及「行政法人化」做為4大改革方向，並進行草案研擬。歷經9年3次函送立法院，終以「為規範行政法人之設立、組織、運作、監督及解散等共通事項，確保公共事務之遂行，並使其運作更具效率及彈性，以促進公共利益」為立法宗旨三讀通過，2011年4月27日《行政法人法》正式上路。2016年高雄市政府以「高雄市專業文化機構」為名，經議會通過設置條例，高雄市立歷史博物館於2017年成為臺灣公立博物館法人化的首例。本文將簡述「行政法人」的精神及其在臺灣的發展歷程，並以高史博為觀察主體，一方面檢視行政法人是否能回應當前博物館的運作問題，另方面則嘗試開啟「行政法人」與「博物館」的對話。就目前初步觀察，行政法人在「制度面」、「博物館定位」與政府的「行政慣習」之間依然存在些許扞格，博物館專業尚在各方夾擊中擺渡。僅管如此，草創時期的行政法人博物館仍有機會在灰色地帶間樹立新典範。究竟「行政法人化」是未來博物館組織轉大人的良方還是類固醇，將是未來幾年文化界重要的焦點。

In 2002, The Organization Reform for the Executive Yuan Committee took ''deregulation'', ''outsourcing'', ''localization'', and ''administrative institution'' as the four major reform directions. Over 9 years, ''Administrative institution Law'' was passed by The Legislative Yuan and formally launched on April 27, 2011. In 2016, the Kaohsiung City Government named the ''Public Agency of Kaohsiung Cultural Institutes'' and passed the regulations by the parliament. In 2017, the Kaohsiung Museum of History became the first administrative institution of a public museum in Taiwan. This article will briefly describe the spirit of the ''administrative institution'' and its development in Taiwan, and take Kaohsiung Museum of History as the subject of observation. On the one hand, it examines whether the administrative institution can respond to the current problem of the operation of the museum. On the other hand, it attempts to arouse some discussion between ''administrative institution'' and ''museum''. According to the current preliminary observations, there is still a little bit of a gap between the ''institutional aspect'', ''museum positioning'' and the ''bureaucracy habitus'' of the process when transforming to the administrative institution. Even so, the museum of administrative institution in the pioneering period still has the opportunity to set a new model among the gray areas. Whether ''administrative institution'' is a recipe for future museum organization or steroids will be an important focus of the cultural circles in the next few years.