刑事訴訟上的線上搜索（Online-Durchsuchung）與源頭通訊監察（Quelle-TKÜ）──引進的必要性及實踐上的困境

Online Investigation and Source Telecommunication Monitoring of Criminal Procedure Law -Necessary of Import and Dilemma of Realization

有線以及無線寬頻網路科技的進步，帶動與加速全面數位化與網路化的生活。我們每天都花費許多的時間盯著手機。為了滿足安全性與效率的需求，雲端以及加密技術被大量使用。水能載舟，亦能覆舟，這樣的發展趨勢也有濫用的擔憂。雲端與加密技術，就刑事訴追目的的達成，是一個極為嚴峻的挑戰，甚至可能讓國家陷入束手無策的困境。2017年德國的刑事訴訟法補充線上搜索與源頭通訊監察的規定，意味者在德國，有了新的調查措施。在我國，為了取得電磁紀錄可以命令搜索扣押，但是，由於線上搜索與源頭通訊監察的技術特性，以及所引起的基本權干預的深度與廣度，搜索扣押與通訊監察的規定無法直接適用。本文想為線上搜索與源頭通訊監察設計專門規定的必要性找到基礎，並勾勒其在強制處分措施體系當中的地位。

The advancement of wired and wireless broadband network technology has accelerated the realization of all digitization and networking of life. We spend a lot of time using mobile phones every day. In order to meet the requirements of security and efficiency, more and more service providers use cloud and encryption technology. Because of this development trend, people are also worried about the danger of abuse. Cloud and encryption technology is an extremely serious challenge for criminal prosecution, and even makes the country helpless. In 2017, the German Criminal Procedure Law had provisions for online search and source communication monitoring. This means that in Germany, there are new investigation measures. In Taiwan search and seizure can be ordered in order to obtain electromagnetic records. However, due to the technical characteristics of online search and source communication monitoring, as well as the depth and breadth of the fundamental rights interventions caused, the provisions of search seizure and communication monitoring cannot be directly applied. This article intends to find a basis for the necessity of designing special regulations for online search and source communication monitoring, and to explain its status in the system of compulsory sanctions.