易服社會勞動履行完成與社會修復

The Completion of Labor Service and Its Relationship with Offenders' Rehabilitation

易服社會勞動做為刑罰的一種易刑處分，原有舒緩監禁人口、節省國家預算支出之用意。然而，自2009年底在我國推動實施以來，無論執行案件數或履行完成率卻有逐年下探的趨勢。是否易服社會勞動制度在短短不過10年間已走過繁盛，面臨衰退窘境？著實值得進一步探究可能原因。本研究主要目的在針對我國社會勞動案件執行現況與各項特性進行分析，並從修復式正義的觀點檢視制度，探討與執行成效彼此間之關聯性。研究樣本為中部地區某地檢署2019年結案的200名社會勞動人。研究結果顯示，在人口特性部分，年齡對於勞務是否履行完成具有顯著之影響；在勞務特性部分，案由對於勞務是否履行完成具有顯著影響力；另外無論是從官方次級資料分析或是勞動人填答的問卷來看，愈能完成勞務者，其對於修復式正義的適應性也愈佳，兩者間具有顯著之關聯性。本研究建議官方應參酌國外成功案例，致力發展具修復式正義精神的社區服務方案。不僅可提升案件的履行完成率，對於勞動人自我修復與回歸社區亦有正向效果。

As a type of alternative to imprisonment, conversion to labor service was initially to reduce the incarcerated population and save the national budget. However, both the number of cases executed and the completion rate have been declining since its implementation in Taiwan at the end of 2009. It is indeed worth further exploring the reasons why such sanctions are facing a recession in just ten years. The study aims to examine the system and effectiveness of labor service from perspectives of restorative justice. A sample of 200 cases closed in 2019 was collected from a central Taiwan district prosecutors office for research. The results show that age and charge of the offenders are significantly related to the completion of services. Whether it is from the official secondary data analysis or from the offenders' questionnaires, those who tend to complete labor services may have better adaptability to restorative justice. In other words, the correlation between the service completion and restorative justice is significant. The results show that officials should refer to successful foreign cases and that restorative justice spirit should be widely applied to community services. In general, community services with restorative justice can not only improve completion rates, but also have a positive impact on rehabilitation and reentry of criminals to the community.