我國兒少保護法律體系之建構與評析

An Analysis of the Child Protection System of Taiwan

2014年通過的兒童權利公約施行法為我國的兒少保護體系提供了國際法的法源。依施行法的規定，舉凡國內現行之法律、命令或措施，有不符公約規定者，皆應於一定期間內增修或廢止或予以改進。過去數年，主管機關在落實公約的努力上，已獲得相當的肯定，惟仍有改進空間。作者建議施行法應納入兩部聯合國於2000年通過的任擇議定書，即關於買賣、兒童賣淫及兒童色情問題之兒童權利公約任擇議定書及關於兒童捲入武裝衝突之兒童權利公約任擇議定書，以補充及強化兒童權利公約。另外，行政院所設的兒童及少年福利與權益推動小組應予改組，以落實執行施行法所賦予的任務。

The promulgation of the Implementation Act of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 2014 has transformed the child protection system of Taiwan by providing a higher source of law under international law. Accordingly, any Act or measure not in compliance with the Convention shall be abolished, amended, or improved. In the last several years, the competent authorities have achieved a moderate success in implementing the Convention. Still, there is room for improvement. This author, after analyzing the recent development of Taiwan’s child protection system, suggests that the two optional protocols to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (namely, the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict) should be included in the Implementation Act. In addition, the Committee on the Advancement of the Rights and Welfare of the Child under the Executive Yuan should be reorganized to fully perform its functions stipulated by the implementation Act.