Hermann Hesse《玻璃球遊戲》中的教育思想初探   全文下載

A Study of the Thought of Education in Hermann Hesse’s “The Glass Bead Game”

當教育哲學的修辭學革命已經浮現，哲學與文學間的距離也逐漸拉近之時，文學家的教育思想探究遂成為教育思想史研究的一條可行之路。本文以Hermann Hesse及其代表作《玻璃球遊戲》為研究對象，探究其中的烏托邦教育思想。Hesse為二十世紀德國著名詩人與小說家，也是1946年諾貝爾文學獎得主，Hesse身為德國的文學家，但其影響力並未侷限在歐洲，他在其他國家如美國、臺灣也大受歡迎。Hesse的小說多以「自我發現」為重要主題，除了自我發現外，他還常常描述精神與自然、身體與心靈的對立，以及在社會限制之外個人如何進行精神追尋的過程，這些都是我們在教育過程中應該關注的主題，亦是Hesse的多本作品可視為「教育小說」的原因。此外，在《玻璃球遊戲》中Hesse也凸顯了烏托邦式另類學術社群的主題，此一社群所在之地被視為「教育省」，象徵其對教育的重視。筆者認為，透過對於Hesse教育思想的探究，將有助於豐富及深化國內西方教育思想史的研究成果。

Due to the emergence of a “rhetorical” revolution in the field of educational philosophy and the closing gap between philosophy and literature, inquiries into educational thinking of famous writers could be a feasible alternative for the study of educational thought. This paper focuses on the world-known German poet and novelist Hermann Hesse in the 20th century and his representative work “Das Glasperlenspiel ” (The Glass Bead Game) to probe into his educational thought. As a Nobel Prize award-winner, the influences of Hesse to the world (including U.S. and Taiwan) were considered to be huge and long-lasting. In Hesse’s novels, education and self-discovery were always important themes. In addition, he was also concerned about the dualism between spirit and nature, mind and body, and the process of human searching for spirit beyond social limits. All of the themes mentioned above, this researcher argues, should also be significant issues where educators should care for, and this is the reason why many works by Hesse are so called “Bildungsroman”. Furthermore, Hesse also highlighted the “utopian alternative academic community” in his “The Glass Bead Game”. In the main scene of this novel, which was called “pedagogical province” and Castalia, it addressed the highlights Hesse placed on education. Finally, the author argues that it would be beneficial to further study western thought of education in Taiwan through inquiring Hesse’s thinking about education.