大學生休閒因應量表之建構

The Development of Leisure Coping Scale for College Students

休閒風氣於全球日漸盛行，許多研究證實休閒參與可因應生活壓力事件並增進身心健全。本研究回顧壓力、休閒因應與健康相關之研究，發現當今以休閒為因應壓力之評估皆以「休閒壓力因應階段層構面」為主，經相關文獻探討並發現此量表存有：量表構面不平均，心理層面題目居多與題數過多等現象。有鑑於此，本研究修正上述問題，並以全人健康（生理、心理、社會及靈性）理論為基礎，建構休閒因應階層式量表。以北部大學生進行問卷資料調查，共獲得有效樣本380份。研究過程中根據大學生之特性而刪除靈性構面，最終問卷內容包括：受試者基本資料表、新建構之休閒因應量表，與視為效標效度的多層面休閒因應壓力量表。經由內在效度檢驗與驗證性因素分析（CFA）考驗後，獲得良好的內在效度與可接受之適配度模式，總結本量表具有下列特色：以全人健康理論為基礎、量表構面與支持之題目數量具一致性、總題目數量簡明與接近臺灣本土特性。

The previous studies have shown that leisure activities helped people cope with stress . Nowadays, the most popular dimension of leisure coping scale was developed by Iwasaki and Mannell in 2000. However, it has been sometimes criticized with the following disadvantages: 1. the structure is unbalanced. 2. The questionnaire is cumbersome in number of questions, particularly in psychological factors. In this research, a concise leisure coping scale based on the concept of holistic health including physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions was initially developed. After consulting experts with the scale, most of them suggest that the items of the spiritual factors in the survey should be deleted. The revised questionnaire consists of personal information of respondents, the leisure coping scale and the hierarchical dimension of leisure stress coping serving as test of criterion-related validity. 380 observations were collected and analyzed. Through internal reliability and confirmatory factor analysis, the result shows an acceptable fit in the overall factors. There are advantages of the leisure coping scale: 1. It is holistic-health based. 2. It is concise with 20 questions. 3. It is developed for Taiwanese.