壓力大？休閒少？健康差？以精神分裂症病患主要照顧者為例

Higher Stress? Less Leisure? Unhealthy? for the Primary Caregivers of Schizophrenia

精神分裂症是精神醫學中典型的精神疾病，其家庭中的主要照顧者在長期的照顧責任下產生沉重的壓力感受，會有負向情感表徵及較低的生活滿意度指數，此不僅影響其身心健康，也影響其照顧病患的品質，因此若能瞭解主要照顧者的壓力，進而發展適當的壓力因應策略，當能保護照顧者的身心健康。本研究即從休閒效益的角度，暸解並探討精神分裂症病患主要照顧者的壓力、休閒因應信念、休閒因應策略與身心健康的相互關係，以驗證休閒在因應壓力和促進身心健康的角色。研究對象選取來自北部某醫學中心精神科日間住院病房、門診及台北縣市康復之友協會，採判斷取樣選取精神分裂症病患之主要照顧者150名，以結構式訪談進行問卷資料之蒐集。問卷包括基本資料表、家屬壓力源量表、休閒因應信念、休閒因應策略和SF－36自覺健康問卷。研究結果顯示：照顧壓力與身心健康有顯著且負向影響、休閒因應信念與休閒因應策略有顯著且正向影響、休閒因應策略與身心健康有正向影響。此研究結果可提供未來臨床健康促進實務和學術研究之參考。

Schizophrenia is a typical psychotic illness, and the primary caregivers of the patient experience heavy burden, negative emotion and poor quality of life under stress. Effort on caring for the patients also influences the physical and mental health for the primary caregivers. Therefore, it formed the research motivation to have a further understanding of the stress for caregivers, so that we can develop stress coping strategies to promote the physical and mental health for these people. From the perspective of the potential benefit brought by leisure activities, the purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship among stress leisure coping and health. The study contained 150 primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients who were outpatients or were admitted to the day-care unit of a medical center at Taipei or from the members of National Alliance of the Mental Ill. The data were collected by semi-structured interview and the content of questionnaire included demographic data, stress, leisure coping beliefs, leisure coping strategies and SF-36. The results of the study revealed that the stress and health are negatively correlated, leisure coping beliefs and leisure coping strategies are positrively correlated, and leisure coping strategies and health are positively correlated for the primary caregivers of Schizophrenia patients. The results will provide implications for the health promotion programs of the caregivers of schizophrenic patients and further more facilitate foundation for causal relationship exploration of these factors.