台灣管理教育與管理研究的現況與展望

The Recent Development and Further Perspectives of Management Education and Management Research in Taiwan

本文整理1998年至2017年間的管理教育與管理研究的統計資料，並對管理領域的未來展望，提出討論。台灣管理人才培育可追朔自三個不同來源：起始於日治時代開始的基礎商業人才養成、起始於1950年代的管理領域大學專科教育、起始於1960年代的美式MBA教育。本文介紹不同起源的管理教育，並簡要討論1970、1980、1990年代的發展。之後，本文將焦點放在1998年到2017年間的台灣管理教育與管理研究發展。經過本文的討論，可以發現台灣高等教育的管理科系所名稱非常多元化，培育了一般化管理人才，以及各種特定產業的商業、管理與行政相關人才。在人才培育的管道方面，基層人才培育的部分，早期是由專科培育基層管理人才，目前則是以培育大學部畢業生為主。而中階管理人才培育方面，碩士畢業人數比率非常高，每年培育了一萬二千多位碩士級的管理人才，人數似有偏多現象，其中有半數為在職進修人才，另外半數為一般全職生，且在職生有持續增加的趨勢。研究人才的培育方面，本文整理發現，博士班人才培育在2000年代達到尖峰，但目前已有開始減少的趨勢。而從管理期刊論文量的趨勢觀察發現，在2000年代，期刊論文發表數量達到頂峰，但近期成長已趨緩，並開始微幅減少，且此趨勢同時適用在國內期刊與國際期刊的發表量。本文並對於管理研究的未來發展挑戰，提出討論。

 

This article uses the statistical data to summary the recent development and further perspectives of management education and management research in Taiwan. Management education in Taiwan has three origins: basic business education for entry level staffs starting from the period of Japan rule, college level business education starting from 1950s, and MBA education starting from 1960s. The article discusses the different origins of Taiwan management education and briefly introduces the management education development in 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Then, we discuss the recent development (1998-2007) of management education and management research in Taiwan. Based on the statistical data, the current article obtains the following observations: Firstly, the management education in Taiwanese universities is diversified, that cultivate generalize talents as well as specialize business professionals for business, management, and public administration activities for a variety of industries and professional fields. Second, prior to 1990, junior college was the place to train the entry level staffs for business and management activities. Currently, most entry level staffs of business and management received four year college education. Besides, in the master level education, there are some twelve thousand master graduates per year in the recent years. Half of master degree graduates are full time students, while remains are working professionals. The proportion of master students of working professionals increases in the recent year. Fourth, the amount of doctoral graduates reached the peak during 2000s and decreased in the late 2010s. Finally, we found that the amount of published academic articles also reached the peak in 2000s and slightly decreased in 2010s. Both the amount of articles published in international journals and local journals had similar trend. Discussions are also provided for the challenge of the further development of management education and research.