再生能源與農業發展之衝突及合作──從國際比較觀點評析我國再生能源法制之完整性

Conflict and Cooperation Between Renewable Energy and Agricultural Development: Analyzing the Integrity of Taiwan Renewable Energy Legal System from International Comparative Perspective

近年為提高再生能源比例以實現能源結構轉型，政府藉由相關法律制度的調整作為達成二○二五年再生能源發電比例達百分之二十之目標。為尋求能源與土地利用相結合之方式，農委會修正申請農業用地作農業設施容許使用審查辦法，引進綠能設施用於輔助農業生產。雖政策立意良善，但在實務中可能發生農民僅專注於綠能設施的設置與後續出售電力獲取電價補助，忽略土地主要的農業生產用途，致生不利農業發展結果，影響我國糧食安全，後續將如何因應有待思考。本文借鑒歐盟與德國法制政策，探討土地利用衝突如何調適之議題，並試圖發掘更有效率地結合農地與能源政策以創造共贏的局面之途徑，提出觀察與分析。

In order to increase the proportion of renewable energies to achieve energy restructuring, Taiwan government has recently a new energy policy in order to achieve the goal of delivering 20 percent of Taiwan’s energy from renewable sources by 2025. Seeing a Synergy of energy and land use, Council of Agriculture amended Regulations to allow the use of green energy facilities for supporting agricultural production. Although the policy is considered with good intention, in practical operation, peasants may only focus on setting up green energy facilities and subsidies for the sale of electricity, neglecting the major agricultural uses of land, causing unfavorable agricultural development results and affecting food security in Taiwan. How to address and solve this problem is needed to be considered In view of the recent development of renewable energy in the European Union and Germany, which legal system and policies are of great reference value to the issues of renewable energy and agricultural development. Therefore, this article details how the utilization of agricultural land, how it combined with the development of renewable energy and discusses the issue of how to adapt to the conflict of land use rights. It also attempts to explore ways to create a win-win situation by combining agricultural land and energy policies more efficiently and make observations and analyzes.