歷史．文化．文本與制憲意志－－以考試院與考試委員之職權為核心

History, Culture, Text and Constitutional Will: Focusing on “The Examination Yuan” and “Individual Exercising Power of Members of the Examination Yuan”

本論文針對「考試院」以及「考試委員獨立行使職權」兩個面向從我國特有政治文化、憲法本文與制憲意旨，探討分析蔡英文總統施政改革對「憲法上整體規範秩序」之影響。本文指出憲法第83條及增修憲法第6條所揭櫫人事行政權是由行政院及考試院所共享，故考試院之職掌主要為制度性層面，至於執行、規劃等層面則有賴行院院人事行政總處依行政權之本質而主管；基於憲法「五權分治彼此相維」之精神，總統應該主動邀集兩院，參酌年金改革委員會、分區座談與國是會議所蒐集之意見及彙整之資料，共擬軍公教年金改革具體方案後，再由兩院共同對外公布草案，並辦理公聽會將各界意見納入考量，最後始將該草案送至立法院。本文最後亦指出未來年金改革的最終方案必須秉持大法官釋字第717號解釋文，應避免使其退休所得降低至影響生活尊嚴之程度。

The essay is aimed at two aspects of “The Examination Yuan” and “individual exercising power of Members of the Examination Yuan”. From our specific political culture, constitutional provisions and constitutional intention, it discusses and analyzes the influence of President Tsai Ing-wen’s administrative reformations on “overall norms and orders in the constitution”. The context indicates that the power of personnel administration which is written in the Article 83 and Additional Article 6 of the Constitution is shared by Executive Yuan and The Examination Yuan. Thus, The Examination Yuan is mainly in charge of systematic level. According to the essence of executive power, executive and planning levels depend on Directorate-General of Personnel Administration, Executive Yuan. On the basis of the spirit of The Constitution of the Republic of China, the president shall invite these two Yuans actively, deliberate the opinions and organized information from National Congress on Pension Reform, district informal discussion and National Congress. After drawing up specific plans of the pension reform of military, civil and faculty alliance party, the two Yuans announce the drafts officially, and then hold a hearing to accept other opinions, and eventually send the draft to Legislative Yuan. The context in the end indicates that the final plans of the pension reform must hold fast to J.Y. Interpretation No. 717. The retirement income should be avoided being reduced to affect the dignity and the living conditions.