消保法第51條懲罰性賠償金計算基礎之損害額是否包含非財產上損害？

Should Punitive Damages Be Calculated into Non-pecuniary Damages?

消保法第51 條懲罰性賠償金之「損害額」，是否包括「非財產上損害賠償」？最高法院實務見解採否定說，學說有採肯定說，亦有採否定說。本文認為在現行法解釋論上採否定說為宜，但立法者若在消保法或是民法明文規定採肯定說，使懲罰性賠償金之「損害額」包括「非財產上損害賠償」，似乎亦無不可，惟此立法是否有違反憲法之比例原則或一行為不二罰（一事不二罰）原則？值得深思。

According to Article 51 of Consumer Protection Act, the consumers may claim for a punitive damage up to 5 times the amount of actual damages as a result of injuries caused by the willful misconduct of traders. The calculation basis on the amount of damages of punitive damages should be excluded from the non-pecuniary damages to avoid double jeopardy, finally, nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb.