作為中央集權化立法的《禹貢》——一次法哲學式的解讀

Yugong as a Centralized Legislative: A Legal Philosophical Interpretation

《禹貢》非為記禹治水之功，實乃為建構中央集權式的政權而為的立法的記錄（或追述）。篇中劃分九州、導山導水、錫土姓等，乃是借助貢賦體系重整地方秩序，強化中央控制力，並使之向地方垂直滲透的具體制度設置。五服制度更是權力中心化和天下向心化政治理念的落實。此外，《禹貢》不敬天而尚地、不崇德保民，亦不以君臣關係為意，這些與中央集權的立法理念一道，合于殷商之《洪範》而異於五帝時代的《堯典》和西周政治文化。考其緣由，要在禹夏屬中國上古文化兩大對立、競爭傳統之一的技術傳統，堅守陰本、私化、治權化立場。《禹貢》開啟的中央集權式立法理念和天下模式，後為殷商和秦帝國所承續，逐步完善為後世所見的專制集權式的中華帝國。

Yugong was not the credit of Yu, but the construction of centralized power and legislative record. Division of Jiuzhou, regulate rivers and watercourses, nfeoffed nobles, means the Tribute system and restored order of local, strengthening central control, and to the local vertical penetration of specific system settings. Five “Fu” system is the power Center of world centripetal political philosophy and implementation. In addition, Yugong didn’t disrespectful Tian but Advocated Di, neither Respected “De” nor gracing people, also not meaning to Liege relationship, which together with the centralized concepts, wise of the instance of the Shang dynasty but different from the Yaodian the five emperors era and the political culture of the Western Zhou. Examination of its reasons, In ancient culture of China, there were two opposites tradition, and one of them was the traditional technology, uphold the principle of yin, the personal position, and the power of governance. Yugong started the centralized concepts and models in the world, later inherited by the Shang dynasty and Qin Empire, gradually improving for posterity the autocratic style of the Chinese Empire.