司法改革的一步棋：建立完整的妨害司法公正罪

Reconstructing the Crime of Obstruction of Justice

國內學界及司法人員對於妨害司法公正行為的態度，一般均傾向於消極地應對，但國內多數民眾卻對妨害司法公正行為感到極為厭惡。此問題若不能解決，民眾自然地會對司法公正性的信賴產生動搖。為了司法的公正性以建立其權威，俾保障人民訴訟權的公正（妥適）與適時（效能），本文分析法治先進國家就各類妨害司法公正行為規範之理論與實務運作，發現並認為要取得人民對司法偵查、審判的信任，必須本於正當法律程序以發現真實，這除了偵查機關應嚴加遵守外，被告或相關持有證據之人亦均有協力發現真實的作為或不作為義務，倘任何人以不正手段刻意違反真實義務而妨害司法之公正性，則應受到相當制裁，始能保障司法的不受汙染，而讓人民信服。為此，本文並引借美國關於妨害司法公正罪之制度，發現我國尚有若干妨害司法公正的法律漏洞尚待填補，為此，本文也負責任地提出修法條文的解決方案，要讓國內學界、從事實務工作之司法人員及民間法曹重新檢視及省思，並供未來立法填補上開法律漏洞之參考。

Generally Domestic scholars and judicial personnel on the attitude of obstruction of justice tend to respond negatively; however, this article revealed that the majority of citizens in this country expressed their revulsion to obstruction of justice acts. It is obvious that if the problem of obstruction of justice cannot be solved, it will undermine the belief in the impartiality of the judicial system. In order to establish the authority and impartiality of the judicial system and to ensure due process of law, this article referred a variety of theories and practices from developed countries which prohibit all types of obstruction of justice. This dissertation also concludes that people’s trust in the judicial investigations and trials must base on due process of law to discover the truth. The investigation authorities should strictly comply with the principles aforementioned. The defendant or the holders of relevant evidence should assist in discovering the truth on account of the act and omission obligation. Anyone who violates the truth obligation by unlawful means and thus impair the impartiality of the judiciary should be subjected to considerable sanctions, to protect against contamination judicial and make people convinced. Due to these grounds, this article also detailed description of penalty of the obstruction of justice in the American legal system (U.S.C.) is provided as a reference for the legislation of Taiwan. Furthermore, after comparing Taiwan legal system with the American counterpart, the author found that there remains a number of loopholes in the law of obstruction of justice that needs to be closed. Therefore, the author of this article puts forward some proposals to amend the Taiwanese criminal law, hoping to invite domestic academia, Judicial Officers and other legal persons to review, reflect on, and provide some lessons from this study to the legislature to plug these loopholes.