宋代禪門頌古詩的發展及語言特色   全文下載

Developmental and Language Features of the Odes of Wen-tzu Chan in the Song Dynasty

宋代因文字禪盛行，為闡發祖師公案的意蘊而產生各種解釋公案的文體形式，其中，頌古是唯一的韻文，多以各種意象隱喻繞路說禪，婉轉地闡發公案意蘊。頌古是後代禪人以其禪學修養和悟力基礎，對於過去公案進行深刻、獨特的再詮釋。而公案本身就是一個未完成的開放性對話結構，後代禪師藉由頌古，一再頌出公案新意，如同進入祖師的公案話語系統中，參與典範公案意蘊的創造，因而擴大了整個公案意涵的包覆容量。因此，本文從檢討現有頌古研究成果，進而考察宋代頌古的發展規律和語言特色，以肯定宋代禪林盛極一時，又極具高度創意性和時代價值的頌古活動，以期引發學界對於頌古詩更多的關注和理解。

Because Wen-tzu Chan was popular in the Song Dynasty, various literary forms were developed to explain the koan form and demonstrate the meanings of Zen koans. Among the developed forms, the ode is the only verse-based form. Odes are the foundation for Zen cultivation and realization, as well as for in-depth and unique interpretations of past koans. Odes typically use various types of imagery and metaphor to indirectly explain Zen doctrine and demonstrate the meanings of koans euphemistically, thus facilitating reinterpretation or changing the interpretation of the meanings of koans. A koan is structured as an unfinished and open dialogue. Future Zen masters created new meanings for koans through odes, a practice similar to engaging with Zen masters＇ koan language system to participate in conversations and expand the capacity covered in the meanings of the koan in general. Therefore, this study investigated the developmental rules and language features of odes in the Song Dynasty to affirm the high creativity and time value of odes that were extremely popular during that period.