Background: There has been a strong association between regular physical activity and lower prevalence/incidence of metabolic syndrome. Evidence suggests that increased physical activity helps prevent metabolic syndrome as well as obesity. The study accordingly aims to examine the effectiveness of mobile activity sensor and feedback system on promoting physical activity and improving body composition, physiological parameters and quality of life in subjects marked with overweight or metabolic abnormality. Methods: A pilot study was designed and 20 subjects with overweight or a metabolic abnormality were recruited. The subjects wore a mobile physical activity promotion tool and used the related platform for 14 consecutive weeks. Data concerning their life-style, physical activity, psychosocial factors, and health related quality of life were collected and physical fitness, body composition, blood pressure and heart rate variability were measured prior to the intervention, 7 weeks after the intervention, and 14 weeks after the intervention respectively. Results: After seven weeks of using the mobile activity sensor system, the subjects reported significant improvement in the total volume of physical activity (including mild and moderate physical activities) and cardio-respiratory fitness (including three minutes stair-climbing and one minute sit-up). After 14 weeks, obvious decline was detected not only in the volumes of sedentary and light physical activities but also in the percentage of metabolic abnormality. However, there were no significant changes in physiological indicators (blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, and body composition), glucose level, lipid profiles and other metabolic and biochemical indicators; psychological health and quality of life registered no significant difference either. Conclusions: The mobile device appeared to be capable of increasing the volume of physical activity improving physical fitness, and reducing the percentage of metabolic abnormality. However, the study fails to better measure the effectiveness of the device on other outcome variables due to its relatively small sample size and short period of intervention. Longer intervention/observation periods and a more substantial number of study subjects are needed in future studies.