不作為犯歸責的整體性思考

An Integrate Thinking of Negative Crime's Imputation

不作為犯突破了以作為犯為基礎的傳統刑法理論體系，行為論的形式整合進路與支配理論的實質整合進路，都未能成功地對不作為犯進行整合。將不作為犯從傳統刑法理論中剝離出來，尋找自己獨立的歸責原理，是可行的思路。不作為犯的因果關係並非純粹的歸因，而是歸因與歸責的交錯；而且，不作為犯缺乏歸因與歸責的區分實益。所以，不作為犯的歸因並無獨立存在的必要，完全可以從歸責的角度對其進行重新解讀。同時，不作為犯是義務犯的一種，義務犯理論可以給不作為犯的歸責提供更多有益的思路。

Negative crime has broken through the traditional theoretical system based on action crime. Behavior theory and control theory failed to integrate negative crime. It is feasible thought to separate the negative crime from the traditional theoretical system and find the independent principle of imputation. The casual relationship of negative crime is not pure attribution and it mixes with the attribution and imputation. Moreover, there is no benefit to distinguish the attribution and imputation for negative crime. We can interpret the casual relationship from the perspective of imputation. Negative crime is one kind of obligation crime. It can offer some useful ideas to better understand the imputation of negative crime.