《黃帝內經》情志論述與文學情志療法研究

Discourse on the Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor (Neijing) and Research at Literary Treatment

醫學，雖與文學分屬自然和人文不同學科，卻因為共同的研究對象為「人」，而有了某些方面的交集。文學作品是作家生命體驗的轉換狀態，而作家在生活中的痛苦體驗往往成為他們創作的源動力，更是形成其作品獨特風格的根源。文學除了具有認識作用、教育作用、娛樂作用這些功能外，它還維繫著人的精神生存和健康，即具有治療功能。文學作品對人身心有治療的功效，表現在兩個方面：一方面是治療他人，即讀者；另一方面，治療作者本人。
文學治療是一種歷史悠久並越來越受到廣泛重視的心理治療方法，它是將寫作、閱讀與治療疾病有機地潛移默化地結合在一起，使創作者和讀者在愉悅的心態下得到治療。在某種意義上，寫作和閱讀其實是一種心理體驗，作家們在生不得志的情況下，總寄情於創作活動，將心中的所想所感抒發出來，把內心的牢騷抒發在紙筆上，以此寄託自己的情感，在創作過程中，他們的心靈得到調解，不快之感獲得釋放，最終達到恬靜淡然的心理狀態，回歸到靜謐的心靈家園；另一方面，讀者也能從與作品內涵融合的共鳴中，獲致某種崇高感情的心理激盪，達到治療疾病的功效。
本文闡析《內經》有關情志致病的病機與治則。同時，藉由《內經》情志相勝的理論為徑，從文學創造主體和文藝欣賞主體兩個角度來著手，通過文學藝術活動疏泄主體的欲望和情緒，寄託自己的思想和情感，達到感情和理解的協調，從而探討文學治療的理論及其可能性。

Medicine belongs to the nature discipline and the literature belongs to the humanities discipline. But their research objects are both “human being”. Literature is the conversion state of author’s life experience. The writersʼ experience of pain in life often become the source of their creative power, and also is the roots of his works unique style. The literature has the function of cognition, education and entertainment. Apart from these functions, literature also maintain human beings’ spiritual existence and health. It has the function of cure. Literature works call have physical and mental curative effects in two aspects: one is the treatment to others-his readers; on the other is the treatment to the author.
Literary therapy is a kind of age-old psychotherapy calling more and more attention. It organically and imperceptibly combines writing and reading and treatment together, getting writer and readers treated in a delighted mood. In a sense, writing and reading is actually a psychological experience. When disappointed in their life circumstances, writers always express their emotion in the poetry and the creative process to let out their feelings and grievances and in this way, their unpleasant feeling have slowly been relieved, then, ultimately to the state of quiet mind-to their soul homes. At the same time, it can make works arouse readers’ sympathy and engender a psychological surge with noble emotions to produce a curative effect.
This article discussed Emotion - Caused Disease Pathogenesis and Treating Principles in Neijing; in the meantime, within the framework of Neijing’s view of emotion causes disease, by applying activities of literature and arts to dredge the subjects’ desire and emotion, the Subject may find joy in his or her own thoughts and emotion, get rid of passive sentiment and finally reconcile his emotion with understanding.