不只是綠：比較觀看山景或海景的效果

More than Green: Psychological and Physiological Effects of Viewing Mountain or Sea Landscape

證據顯示自然景觀對於生心理具有好處，然而，也有文獻抱持懷疑態度，認為自然環境的正向效果可能來自綠色色彩。山景與海景是臺灣具代表性的地理性景觀，同時也是綠色與藍色的代表性景觀，本研究目的在透過分組實驗的方式，探討山景與海景是否會影響偏好？又是否會影響注意力復得及回思體驗，以及生理放鬆程度是否也會不同？結果顯示，山景與海景在偏好和注意力復得階段上具有差別，以海景較佳；而在回思體驗程度上的差異不顯著；生理反應方面，觀賞自然景觀具有顯著的放鬆效果，但山景與海景的差異僅在肌電值反應具有顯著不同，以海景的效果較佳。此外，結果顯示對景觀偏好評價愈高，復得與回思體驗亦愈好。

As mounting evidence showing the effects of a nature environment on psychological health, the focus has shifted from an emphasis on comparison of different types of landscape to an understanding of the nature experiencing process. The link between natural landscape content and restoration experiences, however, is scant. Furthermore, some studies have argued that the active ingredient in the nature manipulations is the color green. This study seeks to test the effects of restorative elements in regards to people’s preferences after accessing views of mountains or seas as well as people’s physiological responses and restorative experience to the landscapes. 147 college students and faculty of National Taiwan University participated in this study. Participants were randomly and individually assigned to two different experimental groups including “mountain view” and “sea view”. The results show that people’s preferences and recovery for mountain and sea views differ significantly, although their reflections did not. Sea views had greater effects than mountain views. Moreover, in regards to physiological responses, the EMG data indicated that sea views provided better responses than mountain views. Finally, preferences correlated closely with recovery and reflection, meaning the greater the preference, the better the recovery and reflection.