營造社區公眾生活與公共空間的基本課題

The Basic Issues of Public Life and Public Place Making

社區總體營造在台灣社會中已蔚為風氣，其中社區公共空間的營造也隨而成為相當重要的面向。本文首先透由國內外經驗說明當今公共空間變遷的趨向，一方面突顯公共空間的重要性，但同時也指出社區層級之公共空間有沒落的危機。其次，在概念上區分公眾生活與公共空間，說明兩者間形成辨證發展的關係，進而強調社區公共空間面臨的社會性挑戰。最後，藉由類型學與形態學的概念，嘗試從理論上指出營造社區公共空間的兩項基本課題，空間形態的改良與空間類型的創新。而不論改良或創新，在具體的空間生產過程中，必須安排獨特的「社區過程」來發揮動員的作用，因此涉及至少四類動員：問題意識、空間想像、投身營造以及最後自治經理等四階段的動員。本文期望能提醒空間專業者與社造工作者提高視野，讓社區營造促進社會進步的作用。

Community building in Taiwan society now become a trend, in which the public place making also become more and more important. This article firstly reviews the changing tandency of public place by the domestic and international experience. On the one hand, to highlight the importance of public places in our life, but also pointed out that the decline crisis of public places in the community. Secondly, we distinct public life and public place conceptually, they both form a dialectical relations each other, and further emphasize the social challenges faced by the community public place. Finally, we try to point out two basic tasks by the concept of typology and morphology, the morphological improvement and typological innovation of public places. Neither for innovation or improvement, we should arrange for a unique "community process" to play the role of mobilization, which involve at least four types of mobilization: mobilization of the environment consciousness, mobilization of spatial imagination, and mobilization to participate construction process, as well as the last of autonomy manager mobilization. This article hopes to remind the professionals and community building workers to improve their visions, making the community building to promote social progress.