遠方的召喚──九年一貫課程國小國語教科書海外旅行課文研究

Calls from Faraway Lands: A Study on Overseas Travel Texts in Grades 1-9 Mandarin Textbooks for Elementary School

隨著觀光政策開放，旅行風氣興盛，1990 年代臺灣旅行文學質量大為提升。配合九年一貫三次課綱修訂，國小國語教科書收錄的海外旅行課文數量亦隨之增加，本文以南一、康軒、翰林出版的國小國語教科書為例，透過系統性分析，了解此類課文的收錄概況，進而為十二年國教課綱實施後國小國語教科書的編選提供重要參考依據。國小國語教科書海外旅行課文的地點與形式多元化，反映當今旅行型態的多變。褚士瑩為重疊性最高者，作品強調旅行的意義，但經刪節後易偏向說教；兒童文學作家桂文亞的作品數量次之，童趣的寫作想像可引起學童共鳴。多數海外旅行課文的時代背景模糊，年代久遠的作品經過改寫後易被消解時代感。旅行角色為兒童以及出自兒童文學作家的課文，呈現歡樂的旅行基調，1990 年代臺灣旅行文學所強調的自我凝視，則反映在課文中成年旅人的沉重反思。

This study contains case studies on Mandarin textbooks by the publishers Nan I, Kang Hsuan, and Han Lin that have each been revised thrice based on the curricula for Grades 1-9. This study found that the number of travel texts about places abroad were diverse in their format and places featured, reflecting the richness and spontaneity of contemporary travel. The works of Chu Shih-Ying are most commonly included in these textbooks. Although his texts, when read in their entirety, center around the meaning of travel, they can easily appear moralizing after being abridged. The works of Gui Wen-Ya, an author of children’s literature, are the next most common. Gui’s writing style is rich in childlike innocence, charm, and imagination. These travel writings in the textbooks contain ambiguity, feature children as travelers, and are written by authors of children’s literature. The mood is one in which travel is associated with taking a holiday, brimming with vibrancy and light-hearted joy. However, some texts also featured solemn contemplation on travel by adult characters; such a theme of introspection has been prevalent in the Taiwanese travel literature since the 1990s.