生活課程教科書涵蓋「環境教育議題」之現況分析

Content Analysis of Environmental Education in Life Curriculum Textbooks for Elementary School

本研究探討「生活教科書」呈現環境教育議題的現況，根據十二年國教「環境教育議題」之五大「學習主題」與17 條「實質內涵」，分析105 學年度南一版、康軒版和翰林版共12 冊教科書，發現：一、各版本融入學習主題比例以「環境倫理」最高；其次為「永續發展」和「能源資源永續利用」；比重較低的為「氣候變遷」；最低的為「災害防救」。二、各版本融入實質內涵的比例以「環境倫理」的環E1 最高；其次為「環境倫理」的環E2；比重最低的為「氣候變遷」的E10、「氣候變遷」的環E9 和「永續發展」的環E4。而翰林版內容有最高的融入比例，但各版本融入實質內涵數量差距不大。三、三版本共72 個主題／單元中，均含環境教育相關的內容，33 個為「直接相關」，其他39 個都屬於「間接相關」。文末提出相關建議供未來環教規劃實施與教材編製者之參考。

By considering the curriculum guidelines for Taiwan’s 12-year Basic Education, this study aimed to analyze the present state of environmental education, as presented in life curriculum textbooks published in 2016. This study applied content analysis to textbooks by the publishers Nan I, Kang Hsuan, and Han Lin. The findings were as follows: The “Five Major Learning Themes” from most to least emphasized were (1) “environmental ethics,” (2) “sustainable development” and “sustainable use of energy resources,” (3) “disaster prevention” and “climate change,” and (4) “disaster prevention.” The “Seventeen Substantive Implications” from most to least emphasized were (1) E1 of “environmental ethics,” (2) E2 of “environmental ethics,” (3) E10 of “climate change,” E9 of “climate change,” and E4 of “sustainable development.” Of the textbooks from the three publishers, those from Han Lin incorporated the highest proportion of the aforementioned implications, although all textbooks did not significantly differ in this respect. Among the 72 units in total, 33 and 39 were directly and indirectly correlated with “environmental education,” respectively. This study provided some prescriptions for the design of life curriculum textbooks and teaching of environmental issues.