愛努語言的復興：到此為止與從此開始

Processes and Prospects of Ainu Language Revitalization

本稿概觀日本的愛努語狀況，探求其復興之可能性。19～20世紀愛努語急速衰退。但是同時20世紀開始愛努語重新評價的活動。1980年代後半行政所支援的愛努語教室（相當於CEFR初級（A1～A2）開始拓展，愛努文化振興法（1997～2019年）之後也持續進行。此舉亦於2009年的「愛努政策方式相關專家懇談會」報告書之後大致承襲至今。另一方面，行政所做有所不同，也就是以所謂的草根「1對1」法進行的愛努語傳承運動仍以小規模一路持續下來。我們應注意到此運動相當於CEFR中級（B1～B2），可作為愛努語復興的第二選項，以與愛努語教室不同方式存在下去。

This paper summarizes the present situation of Ainu language, language school programs and grassroots effort of revitalization. Ainu language declined in 19-20th centuries, but the reassessment and revitalization movement started in the same time. Ainu language schools (CEFR A1-A2) were started by the government in the late 1980 's, and they were succeeded by FRPC (1997-2019). This Ainu language school program was followed in the report 2009 by the official committee and has been supported by the government until now. On the other hand, more advanced level (CEFR B1-B2) of grassroots revitalization activities using one-on-one method have been continued. The grassroots activities should be kept separated from official Ainu language schools as a second option.