1992-2005資訊計量學研究及其發展演變

A Study of Informetric Research and Its Development, 1992-2005

本研究採用LISA及ERIC兩種資料庫，搜集1992-2005年資訊計量學1,982篇文獻，做為本研究之樣本，以觀察資訊計量學領域14年來的變化與發展；此外，有關臺灣地區資訊計量學的研究發展亦加以深入探討。分析內容計有文獻成長、文獻類型、出版國家與語言、核心期刊、文獻主題、作者生產力等。研究結果發現文獻呈現穩定成長，其成長模式趨近線性成長。期刊為主要的文獻來源；作者服務機構以美國、印度、西班牙為主；歐洲地區為出版及從事資訊計量學研究較活躍的地區。《Scientometrics》、《Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology(JASIST)》、《Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica》、《Annals of Library and Information Studies》、《Information Processing and Management》、《SRELS Journal of Information Management》為6種重要期刊。資訊計量學研究對象多集中在期刊文獻，而探討面向則集中於科學技術領域。高生產力作者及其生產量如下：Egghe（51篇）、Rousseau（45篇）、Glanzel（40篇）、Gupta（35篇）、Braun（26篇）、Moed（23篇）、Schubert（22篇）、Garg（21篇）、Cronin（20篇）、Kalyane（20篇）。1971-1991 年資訊計量研究課題，以布萊德福定律、數學模式、文獻老化及引文分析為主；洛卡定律與齊夫定律次之。1992-2005 年，作者生產力、引文分析、文獻成長、文獻老化成為資訊計量學領域權威作者的研究興趣；而資訊檢索、影響因素、數學模式及頻率分布為第二研究主題。 臺灣資訊計量學的研究自民國80年起漸受重視，且多數為書目計量與引用文獻分析的實證與應用，研究模式多針對某段時期、某特定地區、某學科主題、某種資料型態、某特定期刊、某作者等進行其書目或引文之特性分析，之後，其研究屬性進入較深層的內部現象探討。民國90 年之後有關資訊計量學的研究蓬勃發展，應用的學科主題從圖書資訊學擴展至圖書資訊學中的特定主題或工程、生醫、社會科學與人文等學科。研究之資料類型，從期刊文獻至灰色文獻、專利文獻、會議文獻、學位論文、影像資料畫面與網路資源等。結合網路計量學、科學計量學與書目計量學，配合引文的量化分析，使得資訊計量學在學術評鑑、資訊科學與科技政策等領域有了長足發揮的空間。

Using bibliometric techniques, this study investigates the informetric literature from 1992 to 2005, including the characteristics of literature growth, document types, countries of publication and authors, core journals, document subjects, and author productivity. A total of 1886 unique bibliographic items are retrieved from LISA and ERIC and analyzed by Refwork. The distributions of journal articles and core journals are examined and identified according to Bradford's law. The results of the study reveal that: Following the linear growth model, informetric literature grows up steadily from 1992 to 2005. Journal articles are the main source of literature. Most authors come from U.S.A, India, and Spain. Europe is the most active area in publishing and engaging research on informetrics. Scientometrics, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIST), Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica, Annals of Library and Information Studies, Information Processing and Management, SRELS Journal of Information Management are the six most important journals in the field of informetrics. The informetric research concentrates on journal documents as its research subjects and scientific and technical fields as its explorative spheres. Highly productive authors and the amount of their publication are as follows: Egghe (51 titles), Rousseau (45 titles), Glanzel (40 titles), Gupta (35 titles), Braun (26 titles), Moed (23 titles), Schubert (22 titles), Garg (21 titles), Cronin (20 titles), and Kalyane (20 titles). Informetric researches of 1971-1991 focused mainly on topics of the Bradford's Law, the mathematical model, obsolescence, and citation analysis. Studies on Lotka's law and Zipf's law came next. From 1992 to 2005, author productivity, citation analysis, literature growth, and obsolescence became the major research topics of informetrics. Information retrieval, impact factors, the mathematical model, and frequency distribution were the minor ones. The informetric research in Taiwan has gradually developed since 1990. Most studies analyzed the characteristics of bibliography or citation on the basis of a particular time period, a specific subject area, a certain document type, a specific journal, or a particular author. The research of informetrics grew vigorously in the late 1990s. Thereafter, the studied subject areas have expanded from library and information science to other subjects, such as biomedicine, social sciences, and humanities. The studied document types include journal documents, gray literature, patent documents, conference literature, theses and dissertations, image pictures, and Internet resources.