新聞工作者如何蒐集資料？專家知識的初探

How Journalists Gather Information? An Explorative Study

新聞工作者的核心任務之一，是擔任社會公眾的耳目、獲取生活需要的資訊。新聞資訊蒐集任務即是行動思考的過程，也就是發現資訊落差、定義工作目標和限制；同時尋求解決方案。新聞資訊蒐集任務必須和情境密切互動，物質和社會情境既是限制、但也是資源。資訊蒐集工作需要多種知識：內容知識、情境知識、論述知識以及統合監控的知識。因此培養生手成為專家洵非易事，課程設計和教育理念均亟待突破。

One of the core tasks for most journalists in their daily routine is gathering and providing information for the public. However, little was known about this domain of knowledge. This article applies a triad framework of task-context-knowledge to describe journalists' news-gathering work. The main argument proposes that, to educate/train future experts in this field, innovations in both theoretical formulations and curricular designs are in urgent need.