郭象注《莊》的詮釋意義──以「逍遙」為討論中心

An Interpretation of Guo Xiang’s Commentaryon Zhuangzi: the Case of“Xiaoyao”

本文從兩方面重新思考郭象「逍遙」的意涵：首先，重新梳理、詮釋郭象《莊子注》；其次，試圖從高達美哲學詮釋學的重要概念分析郭象「逍遙」思想，挖掘郭象玄學的深層意蘊。郭象將自己的思想融入《莊子》中，提出一個人人皆有逍遙可能的理論，前提是人們必須忘掉性分之外者和慾念，接著要實現性分之內的部分，合此二者才是郭象所稱的逍遙。而聖王不將自己的慾念強加於民，因此能夠能引導眾人同獲逍遙。郭象玄學結合高深玄妙理論與現實應用，使得逍遙成為不論聖凡皆可奉行的境界，在這點上，郭象對道家思想盛行於魏晉功不可沒。

The article rethinks the meaning of“Xiaoyao”in Guo Xiang’s philosophy.First, I provide a novel interpretation of Guo Xiang’s Commentary on Zhuangzi.Then, I analyze his Commentary by applying key concepts in Hans-GeorgGadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics. Guo Xiang incorporated Zhuangzi’sphilosophy into his own. He believes that every individual can achieve“Xiaoyao,”but only if each person forgets both what is beyond the reach ofone’s nature and desires not belonging to oneself. The Sage King does notimpose his own ideas on the people, and thus he guides the people to achievethe state of“Xiaoyao.”Guo Xiang’s philosophy, by demonstrating thateveryone can achieve“Xiaoyao”in articulating how the abstract reasoning inZhuangzi has practical application, greatly contributed to the popularity ofTaoist Philosophy.