臺灣石灰岩廢棄礦區叢枝菌根菌共生關係研究

Study on the symbiotic relationship of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in abandoned limestone mining areas in Taiwan

礦區開採造成土壤物理及化學性質的遽烈改變，致使植生回復不易。研究指出菌根菌與 植物共生能提高植物對不良生育環境的適應能力，加速植生回復。本研究調查臺灣東部及西 部各2處廢棄礦區，探討石灰岩基質植生回復地土壤中菌根菌組成，建立石灰岩地型特殊棲地 菌根菌組成基本資料。調查結果顯示東部蘇澳與花蓮兩處樣區植生共生真菌並無明顯差異， 以Acaulospora spinosa, Acaulospora kentinensis, Diversispora spurca 及 Septoglomus deserticola為優勢菌種，西部關西及大崗山二處樣區之共生真菌則有明顯差異，關西樣區以 Septoglomus constrictum, Glomus versiforme與Paraglomus occultum為優勢菌種，而大崗山樣 區則是以Ambispora granatensis及Claroideoglomus claroideum為優勢菌種，其中Ambispora granatensis是首次於台灣發現的新紀錄種。藉由菌根菌接種試驗更進一步證實菌根菌確實有 助於植物生長於不良的生育地。

Mining causes severe changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and leads to difficulty in plant recovery. Studies have pointed out that mycorrhizal fungi can improve the ability of host plants to adapt to poor growth condition and enhance the efficiency of vegetation recovery. This study investigated two abandoned mining areas in eastern and western Taiwan to explore the mycorrhizal fungi composition in reforesting sites on limestone, and established basic data of the mycorrhizal fungi composition of the special habitat. Results showed that there was no significant difference in mycorrhizal fungi composition between Suao and Hualien plots, Acaulospora spinosa, Acaulospora kentinensis, Diversispora spurca, and Septoplomus deserticola were the dominant species there. In western Taiwan there was a significant difference in mycorrhizal fungi composition between Guanxi and Dagangshan plots. Septopolomus constrictum, Glomus versiforme and Paraglomus occultum were the dominant species in the Guanxi plots, while Ambispora granatensis and Claroideoglomus claroideum were the dominant species in the Dagangshan plots. It was the first time for Ambispora granatensis to be recorded in Taiwan. The inoculation experiment further confirmed that mycorrhizal fungi indeed help plants grow in degraded habitat.