來自邊緣的聲音

From the Voice of the Marginalized

本文的目的在分析位處多元價值與信仰的社會中，人權原則在解釋以及執行的層次上，如何面對多元主義的事實。本文主張，人權原則應該如何應用在不同的文化，必須透過細緻的文化對話與分析，因此關於人權原則在不同文化如何被解釋及實現，並非不言自明的。受自於已故女性主義學者Iris Young溝通民主理論的啟發，本文嘗試從受害群體的立場出發，檢視當前文化對話理論中，對話的前提與內容、以及對話形式的問題，並建構一個由受害群體立場出發的對話理論。本文認為，從受害群體立場出發的對話途徑，不僅可以對於如何追求人權普遍性的共識，提供更多元的管道與機會，同時，相較於其他的理論途徑，更能具體的描述人權的道德真實性。

This is a study of how one can successfully justify the universality of human rights to people with a diversity of beliefs and values. I argue that intercultural dialogue is an essential part of working out an interpretation of human rights that is acceptable to a broad range of cultures. Inspired by Iris Young's communicative democracy, I seek an account of human rights that has normative legitimacy from the perspectives of marginalized and victimized people. Intercultural dialogue in my scheme is a bottom-up approach from the victimized and marginalized people. In the end, I believe my approach can provide multiple routes to reach agreement regarding universal human rights, and will be descriptively more suitable to the moral reality of universal human rights.