歐安會議第一或北約優先：歐美國家的安全政策選擇

CSCE First or NATO Primacy: The Choice of Security Policies among the U.S. and European Countries

冷戰結束後，歐陸各國際組織莫不著手進行組織調整與適應的改造工作，以期能有效處理接踵而來的各式衝突問題。在各組織的調適過程中，除了擴大是一個共同但非同步，且與歐洲安全有關的政策之外，各組織還要面對一個具競爭意味的問題：哪一個組織更能合適地處理有關歐洲安全的問題。在陸續被提出的各項理念之中，「歐安會議第一」和「北約優先」是兩個可能的答案。本文以「歐安會議第一」和「北約優先」為焦點，分析它們的意涵和不同國家的考量。本文認為，由於美歐各國的國家利益考量、解決衝突問題的能力與能量等因素，不僅「歐安會議第一」未能被實現，最後且是北約勝出，成為歐洲大陸最主要的安全組織。

After the Cold War, the European organizations began their adjustment and reform tasks in order to handle the problems and conflicts that had arose almost simultaneously in Europe. In this process of institutional adaptation, enlargement was one of the common, but not synchronous, policies directly linked to the issue of European security. Beside that, all of them were faced with a question of competitive nature as well: Which organization would be more adequate and effective in conflict solving? Among several distinct and mutually exclusive answers to this question, ''CSCE first'' and ''NATO primacy'' are two possible solutions. This article focuses on these two ideas and analyses their contents and important supporting reasons from different actors. This article argues that- due to national interest consideration about European countries (especially that of the United States), capacity and effectiveness of conflict solving, and the like'' CSCE first'' has eventually fallen and NATO ended up in triumph and become the primary European security organization.