藏傳佛教造像色彩與方位相關性探討

A Discussion on the Relation between the Colors and Orientations of the Tibetan Iconography

藏傳佛教造像藝術經常與顏色的使用有密不可分的關係，尤其是在神祇的方位方面，色彩似乎扮演著重要的角色。本文首先由文獻資料找出顏色與方位是否有其相關性作為入題的探討。再就影響藏族方位與顏色關係的淵源作了分析，其中包括藏族傳統的色彩觀念、內地漢族的影響以及印度佛教系統的總承。最後分析得知藏傳造像的方位與色彩之問雖然有一些規則可尋，但是上述幾個大的因素對它們都造成一定的影響，所以規則中有相當數目的例外，這些正是讓人對藏傳造向藝術成到既吸引又迷惑的地方。

There is a tight bound between the Tibetan icons and colors, and color plays an extremely important role especially in the subject of orientation of the icons.Firstly, the author tries to find out if there is any relation between the colors and orientations of the deities from documents. Secondly, some elements which influenced the relationship of the orientation and colors are discussed, such as the Tibetan traditional conception on colors, the influence of the Han-Chinese as well as the Indian Buddhist systems. The final analysis is that regulations between color and orientations do exist, however, there are so many exceptions due to the above mentioned influenced elements. This is also the reason that the Tibetan iconography attracts so many researchers to study it, meanwhile confuses them almost the same way.