由民族自治觀點分析臺灣原住民族傳統領域權利關係

Using Ethnic Autonomous to Analysis Taiwanese Indigenous Rights in Traditional Territory

傳統領域為原住民族固有文化之襲產，亦代表原住民族的文化認同象徵。聯合國在2007年通過保障與提升原住民族基本人權的「聯合國原住民族權利宣言」（United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples），而臺灣在2005年便已通過原住民族基本法，在2010年時，更提出原住民族自治法送交立法院審議，意讓原住民族獲得更完備權益。本研究彙整加拿大、美國、紐西蘭、澳洲原住民族爭取傳統領域權利過程，並由人地關係及原住民族自治觀點切入，分析臺灣原住民族傳統領域土地集體權利，並做為日後討論原住民族自治及土地集體權利議題發展提供相關依據。

Indigenous Traditional territory is a key part of Indigenous cultural heritage, as it is essential to Indigenous cultural identity. In 2007, the United Nations ensured and enhanced the basic human rights of Indigenous People under their resolution entitled ''The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples''. In 2005, Taiwan's Legislative Yuan passed the Indigenous Basic Human Rights, then, in 2010, the proposal of indigenous ethnic autonomous law was sent to the Legislative for consideration, meaning to make for more comprehensive Indigenous rights. This study organizes how people fight for the indigenous people’s autonomy of traditional territories in Canada, United States, New Zealand, and Australia. It also analyzes indigenous people’s collective rights on traditional territories from the perspectives of human-environment relationships and national autonomy. The results can be the reference for further discussion on co-management of indigenous resources.